The Muslims needed knowledge of geography and mathematics for better navigation which brought them to the pyramid. Al Mamun founded universities, patronized literature and science, and turned Baghdad into a seat of academic learning. “A prince of rare learning”, Al Mamun translated the Algamest (contained astronomical and geographical data), by Ptolemy into Arabic.
Al Mamun claimed Aristotle had appeared to him in a dream. He commissioned 70 scholars to produce an image of the earth.
Al Mamun’s men searched the north face for the Pyramid entry for days before deciding to just burrow right into it. They heated the rocks to red hot, then poured on cold vinegar to crack them. After that, they used battering rams to knock out the pieces.
They were about to give up when they heard a muffled sound of something falling off to their left, so they changed the direction of their bore and found the Ascending Passageway.
They eventually made their way all through the inside finding nothing except the empty Coffer Stone. Tompkins, Secrets of the Great Pyramid, pgs. 5-17.
*Tunnel was about 100 feet long.
After al Mamun:
Another translation (of Akhbar al-Zaman) reads: “Into the eastern pyramid, he transported … books comprising a proclamation of all that would happen in Egypt until the end of time, with a description of the paths of the fixed stars and their influence at every moment.”
https://www.jasoncolavito.com/akhbar-al-zaman.html
“The first (the Great) Pyramid was especially dedicated to the history and astronomy …” Maḳrizi (1364-1442) The Khitat (translated and published in Būlāq al-Qāhirah: Dār al-Ṭibāʻah al-Miṣrīyah, 1853)
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